THE international order is undergoing a profound transformation. Once defined by Cold War bipolarity — and later by a US-dominated unipolar moment — the global landscape today is increasingly multipolar, fragmented and competitive. The rise of rival power blocks, overlapping strategic partnerships and a resurgence of regionalism are reshaping global politics across military, economic, technological and ideological domains. Alliances such as NATO, BRICS, CRINK, AUKUS, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and the QUAD are not only shaping international norms but also challenging the authority of the United Nations and the very concept of multilateralism.
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